Archimedes

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To Be Given A Close Shave (//c//. 287 BC – //c.// 212 BC) **__ Family __** - His father was an astronomer named Phidias and he was probably related to Hieron II, the king of Syracuse. It is not known whether he was married or had any children. **__ Education __** - Probably studied in Alexandria, Egypt, under the followers of Euclid. **__ Inventions __** - Many war machines used in the defense of Syracuse, compound pulley systems, planetarium, water screw, (possibly), water organ, (possibly), burning mirrors (very unlikely). **__ Fields of Science __** - Hydrostatics, static mechanics, pycnometry (the measurement of the volume or density of an object). He is called the "father of integral calculus" and also the "father of mathematical physics". **__ Inventions __** - Many war machines used in the defense of Syracuse, compound pulley systems, planetarium, water screw (possibly), water organ (possibly), burning mirrors (very unlikely). **__ Place in History __** - Generally regarded as the greatest mathematician and scientist of antiquity and one of the three greatest mathematicians of all time (together with Isaac Newton (English 1643-1727) and Carl Friedrich Gauss (German 1777-1855)).